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As an insect pest in Alberta, The Poplar Borer beetle has become more and more apparent to the Edmonton Arborist. Edmonton’s Swedish Aspen Trees and Tower Poplar Trees have been significantly affected by this pest. Local damage has become widespread and unfortunately, has caused the requirement for more tree removals.
Poplar Borer is a common insect found in our local, native forests, historically, primarily feeding on the native trembling aspen trees. In recent years, this native insect has noticeably moved into our urban environment, adding some of the most commonly planted trees to its diet.
The Mature Poplar Borer is a flying insect that has a life cycle of approximately 3-5 years. The Adult beetles are grey with orange markings, usually 20-30 mm in length. These flying adults are usually seen in June and July.
Unlike many other insect pests, the Poplar Borer prefers to target healthy, living trees. The Adult beetle lays eggs usually in a sunny area on the lower portion of the tree trunks. After hatching, the legless larva of the insect spend the first 3 years internally, within the tree. They feed on the sapwood, then progress into the heartwood deep within the tree. This causes internal damage to the vascular system of the tree, thus causing tree decline. The larva Pupate in the 4th year, and then later emerge, as adults. The adults create obvious exit holes in the bark. These exit holes are approximately ¼ “ in diameter, and usually will bleed reddish-brown sap. Also, often sawdust can be visible at the base of the trees that these insects push out from holes in the bark.
To reduce the likelihood of your tree having Poplar Borer activity, plant your tree in a less susceptible location to provide more shade and less sun on the lower trunks. Tree pruning can remove obvious declining tree tops, but will not eradicate the insect. Mechanical and Chemical Treatments can be limited in their effective treatment for the insect, and on occasion tree removal may be your only option. A thorough assessment and consultation from your Edmonton Arborist, can help to identify the insect and determine the best plan of action for your personal or commercial landscape.